UPSC Optional Notes Free Download - Public Administration Thinker
Abraham Maslow
American psychologist, given hierarchy of needs – human
Book “Motivation and Personality” in 1954
In 1943, a book named “A theory of Human Motivation”
Theory of Motivation:
- Unfulfilled needs motivate employees
- Humans became member of organization to fulfil their needs, hence work with higher level
of motivation
Hierarchy of Needs
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| Abraham Maslow |
- Last slab is called as deficiency needs, as man doesn’t feel anything after meeting these
needs but would feel anxious if don’t.
- Top slab is called as growth need, where man realize his full potential and derive a sense of
satisfaction
Criticism:
- Less scope for deviation, some has strong desire for self esteem and others may have for
security.
- Definition of self actualization is difficult to be tested scientifically
- But Maslow himself admitted that this hierarchy order may vary from person to person
